Improvement in distilling oil



S. ANDREWS.

Oil Still.

Patented Sept. 2.5', 1866.

Inventor.

Witnesses:

PATENT OFFICE.

SAML. ANDREWS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT iN DISTILLING OIL.

Specification forming part `of Letters Patent No. 58,197, dated September 25, 1866.

To all 'inkom it may concern:

Be it known that l, SAMUEL ANDREWS, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Distilling Oil; and l do hereby declare that the following is a -full and complete description of the construction and operation of the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view; Fig. 2 is a horizontal sect-ion, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section.

Like letters refer to like parts.

My invention relates to such a construction of the still that the retort or vessel containing the oil is protected from the violent action of the fire, thereby protecting the bottom of the vessel from injury, and at the same time avoiding any harm to the oil from being burned.

A represents the retort. This is made of heavy boiler-iron, cylindrical in form, from three to four feet in depth, and from six to seven feet in diameter 5 but these proportions can be varied if desired. y

B represents the man-hole, which is constructed in the ordinary manner, and is opened to remove the residuum from the retort and to -recharge with the crude mineral oil.

C represents the fire-chamber.

The door D opens upon the grate E and into the mouth of the fire-box. The width of this chamber is about eighteen inches, and in length nearly equal to the diameter of the retort. The length of the grate-bars is about three feet, and beyond these the iioor vof the fire-chamber is composed of fire-brick, and rises in a gentle curve to the reverberatory chamber F, beneath the retort A, at an angle of about thirty degrees, as shown at C', forming the throat of the fire-chamber.

Immediately below the grates E is the ashpit G, which is closed in front by the door G, and by which the draft is regulated.

The reverberatory chamber F occupies as nearly as practicable the Whole area of the bottom ofthe retort, the diameter bein g lessonly sufficient to afford a firm support for the retort, as shown at H, Fig. 3.

The lioor of the reverberatory chamber F rises gradually from the front to the rear, and upon each side of the entrance of the tire-chamber one or more openings, I, lead off to the main or semicircular ues J, which are separated from the body of the'retort by a Wall, J', of tire-brick, as shown in Fig. 2. These lines have a gradual rise, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, until they enter the stack K, and the wall J protects the retort from an excess of heat that would otherwise prevail and burn the sides of the retort.

Some of the advantages derived from my improvement are as follows v There is a saving in fuel, and a more uniform and steady heat; consequently the oil is not burned, as is usually the case where the retort sets directly over the tire, and it can be run closer without injury to the still. In consequence of the resid-l uum not becoming coked or solidified, the retort can be cleaned out more quickly and with less labor.

' By the use of my method of setting theretort, it cools much more rapidly when the fire is withdrawn, thus enabling the retort to be more quickly cleaned. It is also found that the bottom of the retort or stil-l is not injured by excessive heat, as is the case where the coals are directly under the still, and in the use of bituminous coal, with my method, the bottom of the retort or still does not become sufficiently heated to cause a combination of the sulphur of the coal with the iron of the retort, which soon destroys the integrity of the metal, by forming it into the sulphide of iron.

By my method of constructing or settingthe still the oil cannot be scorched or burned except from the most reckless carelessness; and hence it requires much'less acid to treat oil that has been distilled by my process than is ordinarily required 5 and, besides, the oil is of a fairer color, and almost Wholly free from the empyreumat-ic odor always generated by overheating or burning the oil, a condition from which it cannot be freed by any known means.

What I claim as 'my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The flrechamber C and reverberatory 3. The fines J ,when separated fromthewalls chamber F, in Combination with the throat C of the retort by the Wall J', as and for the purand the openings I, in the manner and for the pose set forth. I purpose substantially as set forth. SAMUEL ANDREWS.

2. The reverberatory chamber F, in combi- Witnesses: nation with the retort A7 as and for the pur- W. H. BURRIDGFE7 v pose specified. FRANK ALDEN. 

